Drill.



M. HARDSOCG.

DRILL. APPLICATION FILEDMAY 5, 1908.

923,513. Patented June 1, 1909. v

Wi 85,5 e5:

MARTIN HARDSOCG, OF OTTUMWA, IWA.

DRILL.

Specification of Letters Patent,

Patented June 1, 1909.

Application filed may 5, 1908. Serial No. 430,962.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARTIN HARDsooG, a citizen of the United States,residing at Ottumwa, in the county of Wapello and State of Iowa, haveinventedv certain new and useful Improvements in Drills, of which thefollowing is a spepiiication.

It is desirable', in theo eration of drills, for rock and other similaroring, to furnish a medium under'pressure for keeping the bits orcutters clear of the cuttings, dust and dirt, so that the cutters orbits can do the work more eiectu ally; and it is also desirable, in theoperation of such drills, to give a lead or bearing point by which thedrill proper can be made to operate so as to produce overlapping holesby which a clean cut or separation is made in the material being actedupon and it is further desirable, in such drills, to have the cutters orbits detachable, so that, as the outer corner or edge becomes worn thecutter or bit can be turned or reversed and present a full' corner oredge for'use.

The object of the present invention isto construct a drill head carryingcutters and a center or lead bit by Which the results, above pointed outasdesirable, can be attained in a practical and successful manner.

The invention consists in the features of construction and combinationsof parts hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims as new.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of the drill, withtheseveral elements entering into its construction assembled ready for use;Fig. 2 a sectional elevation of the drill shown in Fig. 1; Fi 3 an endelevation of the drill shown in Fgig. 1; Fig. 4 a sectional elevationbroken ofi', and taken crosswise to the elevation of Fig. 2 g and Fig. 5a det ail in pers ective of a detachable cutter orbit.

Tllie head of the drill is made Ofsteel or other suitable material, andconsists of a center 1, and Wings 2 opposite each other and separated,one from the other, by grooves or passages 8, so as to furnish aclearance on opposite sides of the drill head for the re- Inoval of thecuttings, dust and dirt produced in' the drilling o eration.

The base or rear enf of the drill head has a threaded hole 4 continuingfrom which is a chamber; and from the chamber 5 a assage 6 leadsforward. The passage 6 has cading therefrom opposite lateral passages 7,each passage 7 opening through the outer face or' the respective wings;and the outer end of each passage is closed by a plug 8, whichconstruction enables the lateral passages to be bored transverselythrough the wings of the head. Each lateral passage 7 has, forwardlyleading therefrom, va passage 9, and each passage 9, at the acting endof the drill head, terminates in an enlarged opening or mouth 10, so asto permit the free discharge of a medium under pressure at the actingend of the drill for removing the cuttings, dust and dirt to maintainthe cutters or bits clear, the removed cuttings, dust and dirtpassingrearwardly, through the grooves or channels 3, with the mediumunder pressure.

lach Wing 2, at the acting end, between the side edge or face of theWing and the opening 10, has formed thereon a cross head or lip lug 11,extending inwardly 'from the periphery of the wing, and at the center ofthe body 1 of the drill head is formed ak hole 12, leading rearwardlyfrom which is a hole 13 joining the hole or assage 6, as clearly shownin Fig. 2. The wall of the hole or passage 13, at its bottom or rearend, is provlded with a screw thread 14 to receive the threaded end 15of a bit or drill stem or stock 16 3 and the drill stem or 4stock hasits body reduced in size so as to furnish a neck 17,` with a clearancebetween the neck and the wall of the hole or passage 13, when the drillstem or stock is entered into position. The forward or acting end of thedrill stem or stock has a head 18 of a greaterl diameter in crosssection than the neck, so as to furnish a shoulder or abutment 19between the neck 17 and the head 18, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The heador acting end 0I" the center or lead drill is cut away on one side,.soas to form a flat face 20; and the terminal end of the drill, at the endof the flat face 20, is cut on a diagonal line, so as to form aninclined face l21, by which a cutting edge 22 is furnished inconjunction with a curved face 23 on the side of the drill head oppositethe flat face 20, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. A hole or passage 24extends longitudinally through the drill stemor stoelgand this hole orpassage 24 is in communication with the hole or passage 6, so as todischarge a medium under pressure to clear away the cuttings, dust anddirt at the acting end of the center or lead drill. The medium underpressure is supplied to thc passage 6 bjr means ol a suitable supply piie, not shown, leading from a source or" supp y, as usual in operatingdrills in conjunction with amedium under pressure.

Cir

The construction shown, at the acting end of the ldrill head proper, hasfour cutters -or bits. Each cutter or bit has a body 25 with a cuttingedge 26, and at each end of the body, on tliebottom, is a lug 27 with arecess 28 between the Jugs, as clearly shown in Fig. 5. Each bit orcutter has its body entered into a recess 29 formed in the lip i1, withthe outer lug engaging the exterior of the lip:l and the innerlugentered into the central ope ning 12and lying against the wall of thebody 1 around such opening, so that, when inserted, each bit or cutterwill be held iirmly in its rceess 29 by the engagementof the body 25,with the side walls oil the recess and the engagement of the lugs aslinst described. .The bits ori cutters are held against forward movementby the engagement of the shoulder 19 of the stein or stock ol' thecenteror lead drill with the inner end of each cutter, as shown in Figs.1, 2 and 4. The center or lead drill is entered partly into the hole orpassage 13 therforin the drill head, so that he shoulder 19 will besutileientlyv above the .end face ol the drill head to allow the maincutters or bits to be entered, into place, and

when the main cutters or bits are entered the stein or stock ol thecenter or lead drill is threaded into position, thus firmly holding themain cutters or bits in place.

rlhe main cutters or bits, when the outer ends or sides have become worndown so as not to be eilective in performing the cutting operation, canbe reversed, bringing the inner end or side te occupy the outerposition, and to do this all that is necessary is to partially withdrawthe center or lead drill a sufiicient (.listance to disengagc theshoulder 19 from contact with the inain cutters or bits, so that eachmain cutter or bit can be removed and reversed; and when reversed themain cutters oi' bits can be again secured in place by threading oradvancing t'ne center or lead drill, for the shoulder 19 to engage theedge oi` cach main critter or bit. It will thus be seen that the centeror lead drill Afurnishes an effective and reliable means for securingthe main cutters oi' bits in place on'the end of the drill head, andthis without interfering with the operation of the center or lead drillas a drill.

ln use, as the drill head, with the center or lead drill in position, isadvanced the center or lead drill will 'Iirst act and l'orin a hole, sothat the center or lead drill furnishes a guide and bearing by which themain drill head, with the main cut-ters or bits thereon, will be heldeilect-ively in position to operate, and willvbe guided by the advanceoi' the center or lead drill in a direct line. The center or lead drillacts as a bearing and retaining point i'or the main drill head, and itscutters or bits, by which the main drill head with its cutters or bitscan be operated to drill overlapping holes, thus removing the materialin acontinuous line andJ enabling the drill to make 'a clear cut bywhich a block or section of material can be removed, without the use ofany other tool than the drill itself.

It will be understood head can be of other shape than one having twoopposite wings, s0 long as the shape is of a nature to furnish an actingend carrying a main cutter or bit; and that, instead of having the maincutters or bits removable, such cutters or bits-could be formed integralor permanent with the acting end of the main drill head, and thiswithout departing from the feature oi`construction in which a center orlead bit acts' in advance ofthe main cutter or bit, so as to furnish abearing for setting and holding the main drill head and its bits orcutters in position to drill ovcrla ping holes or otherwise. The use ofdetac iable blades or cutters enables a worn out blade or cutter to beremoved to be thrown away and replaced by a new blade or) cutter; andalso enables a dull blade or cutter to be taken out and resharpened,either operation being easily performed by sim ly withdrawing the centeror lead drill a su cient distance to remove and replace the cutters orblades,and after re lacing again advancing the center or lead dril intolocking position. lThe center or lead drill can also be removed forresharpening or replacing a worn out drill or bit.`

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters `Patient is:

1. In a drill, the combination of a drill head having opposite wings ofsegmental ormation extending longitudinally of the head and oppositelongitudinal channels between the wings, each wing having therein alongitudinal passage for a medium under pressure,

,said passage having a discharge mouth at theacting end of the wing, thedrill head further having in its center a hole or passage, a pluralityot detachable cutters, each provided withA an inner lug entered into thecentral hole or passage, and acentral or vlead Idrill provided with ashoulder or abutment and entered into the central passage in position tobring the shoulder or Vabutment into engagcment-with the inner ends ofthe detachable cutters ior clamping the same 1n place, substantially asdescribed.

In a drill, the conibinationof a 'drillhead having opposite wings ofsegmental formation extending longitudinally ot thc head and oppositelongitudinal channels between l the wings, each wing having therein alongitudinal passage ior a medium under pressure, said passage having adischarge mouth at the acting end oi the wing, the drill head furtherhaving in its center a hole or passage, a plurality oi detachablecutters, each provided with an inner lugl entered into the central holeor passage, and an outer lug engaging the outer face ot the ldrill head,anda center or lead drill enteredy into the central hele or that'themain drill passage and provided with a shoulder or abutment adapted toenga e the inner ends of the -detachable cutters lor clamping the samein place, substantially as described.

3. In a drill, the combination of a drill head having oppositel disposedWings 'of se mental formation andy between the wings, the drill headbeing rovided W'ith a central hole or passage, radially arranged crossheads formed on the acting face of the drill head, each of the crossheads being provided with a groove or channel, removable cutters setWithin the channels and provided with inner lugs for engagement with thedrill head, and a lead bit provided with a shoulder or abutment adaptedto engage the inner ends of the removable cutters for clamping the samein place, substantially as descrlbed.-

4. In a drill, the vcombination of a drill head lhaving oppositelyldisposed AWings of segmental formation and lintermediate channelsbetween the Wings, each of the Wings having formed therein a'Vlongitudinally extending passage opening through the acting face of theWing, the drill head being provided With a central hole or passage,radially arranged cross heads formed on the acting face of the drillhead, each of the cross heads being provided With a groove or channel,removable cutters set Within the channels and provided with inner lugsfor engagement with the drill head, and a lead bit provided with ashoulderor abutment adapted to engage the inner ends of the removablecuttersffor clamping described. y

5.- In a dril1,' the combination of a drill head having oppositelydisposed Wings of segmental formation and intermediate' channels betweenthe wings, each of the wings having formed therein a longitudinallyextending passage opening through the acting face of the Wing, ,thedrill head being provided with a central hole or passage, radiallyarranged cross heads formed on the act' face of the drill head, each ofthe cross heads being provided With-a groove or channel, re-

intermediate channe s vsubstantially as the same in place, substantiallyas With the drill head, outer lugs on the cutters for engaging the outerends of the cross heads, and a central lead bit provided with anabutment adapted to engage the inner ends of the cutters for 4clam ingthe same in position,

described.

6. In a drill, Athe combination of a drill head having opposite wingsextending longitudinally of the head, longitudinal channels between-thewings, each Wing having a longitudinal passage formed therein, and thedrill head being provided With a central passage, radially extendingcross heads formed on the acting fac-e ofthe bit, each of the headsbeing provided vwith a channel, removable cutters set edgewise Withinthe channels and each provided with an inner lug entered into thecentral passage, and provided with an outer lug engaging the outer endof the cross head, and a lead bit entered into the central assage andprovided with a shoulder or a ut- 'ment for engaging the inner ends ofthe cutters, substantially as described.

7. In a drill', the combination of a drill head having opposite Wingsextending longitudinally of the head, longitudinal channels between theWings, each Wing having a longitudinal passage formed therein, and thedrill head being provided with a central passage, radially extendincross heads formed on the acting face of the'flait, each of the headsbeing provided with a channel, removable cutters. 'set edgewise withinthe channels and each provided with an inner lug entered into thecentral passage, Vand provided With an outer lug engaging the outer endof the cross head,

and a lead bit entered into the central passage and provided with ashoulderor abutment for engaging the inner ends of the cutters, the leadbit, being provided with a longitudinal as* sag'e in its center,substantially asdescril ed.

MARTIN HARDsooG. I Witnesses:

W. A. WORK, ALTA GRAY.

